
Special licensing programs designed by the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources aimed at mineral extraction development and processing industries in the Arctic, have been in effect since 2023. These programs are valid until 2035. To date, auctions have been held for 64 sites, with plans to issue licenses for a total of 176 sites. “In 2025, auctions will be held for 30 mineral deposits. The largest include the "Amerika" deposit, with titanium reserves of 3.5 million tons, and the "Gremyakha-Vyrmes" ...